2. kniha kráľov

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

2Kr 23, 1-37

1 And they reported to the king what she had said. And he sent, and all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem were gathered to him. 2 And the king ascended to the temple of the Lord. And with him were all the men of Judah and all who were living in Jerusalem: the priests, and the prophets, and all the people, from the small to the great. And in the hearing of everyone, he read all the words of the book of the covenant, which was found in the house of the Lord. 3 And the king stood upon the step. And he struck a covenant before the Lord, so that they would walk after the Lord, and keep his precepts and testimonies and ceremonies, with all their heart and with all their soul, and so that they would carry out the words of this covenant, which had been written in that book. And 218 the people agreed to the covenant. 4 And the king instructed Hilkiah, the high priest, and the priests of the second order, and the doorkeepers, so that they would cast out of the temple of the Lord all the vessels which had been made for Baal, and for the sacred grove, and for the entire army of heaven. And he burned them outside of Jerusalem, in the steep valley of Kidron. And he carried their dust into Bethel. 5 And he destroyed the soothsayers, whom the kings of Judah had appointed to sacrifice in the high places throughout the cities of Judah, and all around Jerusalem, along with those who were burning incense to Baal, and to the Sun, and to the Moon, and to the twelve signs, and to the entire army of heaven. 6 And he caused the sacred grove to be carried away from the house of the Lord, outside of Jerusalem, to the steep valley of Kidron. And he burned it there, and reduced it to dust. And he cast the dust over the graves of the common people. 7 Also, he destroyed the small places of the effeminate, which were in the house of the Lord, for which the women were weaving something like little houses in the sacred grove. 8 And he gathered together all the priests from the cities of Judah. And he defiled the high places, where the priests were sacrificing, from Geba as far as Beersheba. And he tore down the altars of the gates at the entrance to the gate of Joshua, the leader of the city, which was to the left of the gate of the city. 9 Yet truly, the priests of the high places did not ascend to the altar of the Lord in Jerusalem. For they would only eat from the unleavened bread in the midst of their brothers. 10 Also, he defiled Topheth, which is in the steep valley of the son of Hinnom, so that no one would consecrate his son or his daughter, through fire, to Molech. 11 Also, he took away the horses that the kings of Judah had given to the Sun, at the entrance to the temple of the Lord, beside the hallway of Nathan-melech, the eunuch, who was in Pharurim. And he burned the chariots of the Sun with fire. 12 Also, the altars which were upon the roof of the upper room of Ahaz, which the kings of Judah had made, and the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courts of the temple of the Lord, the king destroyed. And he hurried from there, and he scattered their ashes into the torrent Kidron. 13 Also, the high places which were in Jerusalem, to the right side of the Mount of Offense, which Solomon, the king of Israel, had built to Ashtoreth, the idol of the Sidonians, and to Chemosh, the offense of Moab, and to Milcom, the abomination of the sons of Ammon, the king defiled. 14 And he crushed the statues, and he cut down the sacred groves. And he filled their places with the bones of the dead. 15 Then too, the altar which was in Bethel, and the high place which Jeroboam, the son of Nebat, who caused Israel to sin, had made: both that altar and the high place he tore down, and burned, and reduced to dust. And then he also set fire to the sacred grove. 16 And in that place Josiah, turning, saw the sepulchers which were on the mount. And he sent and took the bones from the sepulchers. And he burned them upon the altar, and he defiled it in accord with the word of the Lord, which was spoken by the man of God, who had predicted these events. 17 And he said, “What is that monument that I see?” And the citizens of that city responded to him: “It is the sepulcher of the man of God, who came from Judah, and who predicted these events, which you have carried out concerning the altar of Bethel.” 18 And he said: “Permit him. Let no one move his bones.” And his bones have remained untouched, with the bones of the prophet who had arrived from Samaria. 19 Then too, all the shines of the high places, which were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the Lord, Josiah took away. And he acted toward them according to all the works that he had done in Bethel. 20 And all the priests of the high places, who were in that place, he killed upon the altars. And he burned the bones of the men upon them. And he returned to Jerusalem. 21 And he instructed all the people, saying: “Keep the Passover to the Lord your God, according to what has been written in the book of this covenant.” 22 Now no similar Passover was kept, from the days of the judges, who judged Israel, and from all the days of the kings of Israel and the kings of Judah, 23 as this Passover, which was kept to the Lord in Jerusalem, in the eighteenth year of king Josiah. 24 Then too, Josiah took away those who divined by spirits, and the soothsayers, and the images of the idols, and the defilements, and the abominations, which had been in the land of Judah and Jerusalem, so that he might establish the words of the law, which were written in the book, which Hilkiah, the priest, found in the temple of the Lord. 25 There was no king before him similar to him, who returned to the Lord with all his heart, and with all his soul, and with all his strength, in accord with the entire law of Moses. And after him, there rose up no one similar to him. 26 Yet truly, the Lord did not turn away from the wrath of his great fury, his fury which was enraged against Judah because of the provocations by which Manasseh had provoked him. 27 And so the Lord said: “And now I will remove Judah from my face, just as I removed Israel. And I will cast aside this city, Jerusalem, which I have chosen, and the house, about which I said: My name shall be there.” 28 Now the rest of the words of Josiah, and all that he did, have these not been written in the book of the words of the days of the kings of Judah? 29 During his days, Pharaoh Neco, the king of Egypt, ascended against the king of the Assyrians to the river Euphrates. And king Josiah went out to meet him. And when he had seen him, he was killed at Megiddo. 30 And his servants carried him dead from Megiddo. And they took him to Jerusalem, and they buried him in his own sepulcher. And the people of the land took Jehoahaz, the son of Josiah. And they anointed him, and made him king in place of his father. 31 Jehoahaz was twenty-three years old when he had begun to reign, and he reigned for three months in Jerusalem. The name of his mother was Hamutal, the daughter of Jeremiah, from Libnah. 32 And he did evil before the Lord, according to all that his fathers had done. 33 And Pharaoh Neco bound him at Riblah, which is in the land of Hamath, so that he would not reign in Jerusalem. And he imposed a penalty on the land: one hundred talents of silver, and one talent of gold. 34 And Pharaoh Neco appointed Eliakim, the son of Josiah, as king in place of Josiah his father. And he changed his name to Jehoiakim. Then he took Jehoahaz away, and he brought him into Egypt, and there he died. 35 Now Jehoiakim gave silver and gold to Pharaoh, when he had taxed the land, according to each one who would contribute by the command of Pharaoh. And he exacted both silver and gold from the people of the land, from each one according to his ability, so that he would give to Pharaoh Neco. 36 Jehoiakim was twenty-five years old when he had begun to reign, and he reigned for eleven years in Jerusalem. The name of his mother was Zebidah, the daughter of Pedaiah, from 219 Rumah. 37 And he did evil before the Lord, in accord with all that his fathers had done.

Verš 1

And they reported to the king what she had said. And he sent, and all the elders of Judah and Jerusalem were gathered to him.

2Krn 34:29 - And he, calling together all those greater by birth of Judah and Jerusalem,

Verš 2

And the king ascended to the temple of the Lord. And with him were all the men of Judah and all who were living in Jerusalem: the priests, and the prophets, and all the people, from the small to the great. And in the hearing of everyone, he read all the words of the book of the covenant, which was found in the house of the Lord.

2Krn 22:8 - Therefore, when Jehu was overthrowing the house of Ahab, he found the leaders of Judah, with the sons of the brothers of Ahaziah, who were ministering to him, and he put them to death.

Verš 12

Also, the altars which were upon the roof of the upper room of Ahaz, which the kings of Judah had made, and the altars which Manasseh had made in the two courts of the temple of the Lord, the king destroyed. And he hurried from there, and he scattered their ashes into the torrent Kidron.

2Krn 21:5 - Jehoram was thirty-two years old when he had begun to reign. And he reigned for eight years in Jerusalem.

Verš 34

And Pharaoh Neco appointed Eliakim, the son of Josiah, as king in place of Josiah his father. And he changed his name to Jehoiakim. Then he took Jehoahaz away, and he brought him into Egypt, and there he died.

Mt 1:11 - And Josiah conceived Jechoniah and his brothers in the transmigration of Babylon.

Verš 14

And he crushed the statues, and he cut down the sacred groves. And he filled their places with the bones of the dead.

Ex 23:24 - You shall not adore their gods, nor worship them. You shall not do their works, but you shall destroy them and break apart their statues.

Ex 34:13 - But destroy their altars, break their statues, and cut down their sacred groves.

Nm 33:52 - destroy all the inhabitants of that land. Break their monuments, and shatter their statues, and lay waste to every exalted thing,

Dt 7:5 - So instead, you shall do this to them: overturn their altars, and break their statues, and cut down their sacred groves, and burn up their graven images.

Dt 7:25 - Their graven images, you shall burn with fire. You shall not covet the silver or gold from which they have been made. And you shall not take for yourself anything from these, lest you offend, because this is an abomination to the Lord your God.

Dt 12:3 - Scatter their altars and break their statues. Burn their sacred groves with fire and crush their idols. Abolish their names from those places.

Verš 15

Then too, the altar which was in Bethel, and the high place which Jeroboam, the son of Nebat, who caused Israel to sin, had made: both that altar and the high place he tore down, and burned, and reduced to dust. And then he also set fire to the sacred grove.

1Kr 12:32 - And he appointed a solemn day in the eighth month, on the fifteenth day of the month, in imitation of the solemnity that was celebrated in Judah. And ascending to the altar, he acted similarly in Bethel, so that he immolated to the calves, which he had made. And in Bethel, he appointed priests of the high places, which he had made.

Verš 16

And in that place Josiah, turning, saw the sepulchers which were on the mount. And he sent and took the bones from the sepulchers. And he burned them upon the altar, and he defiled it in accord with the word of the Lord, which was spoken by the man of God, who had predicted these events.

1Kr 13:2 - And by the word of the Lord, he cried out against the altar. And he said: “O altar, O altar! Thus says the Lord: ‘Behold, a son will be born to the house of David, Josiah by name. And upon you, he will immolate the priests of the high places, who now burn incense upon you. And upon you, he will burn up the bones of men.’ ”

Verš 19

Then too, all the shines of the high places, which were in the cities of Samaria, which the kings of Israel had made to provoke the Lord, Josiah took away. And he acted toward them according to all the works that he had done in Bethel.

2Krn 34:6 - Then too, in the cities of Manasseh, and of Ephraim, and of Simeon, even to Naphtali, he overturned everything.

Verš 21

And he instructed all the people, saying: “Keep the Passover to the Lord your God, according to what has been written in the book of this covenant.”

2Krn 35:1 - Now Josiah kept the Passover to the Lord in Jerusalem, and it was immolated on the fourteenth day of the first month.

Ex 12:3 - Speak to the entire assembly of the sons of Israel, and say to them: On the tenth day of this month, let everyone take a lamb, by their families and houses.

Dt 16:2 - And you shall immolate the Passover to the Lord your God, from sheep and from oxen, in the place which the Lord your God will choose, so that his name may dwell there.

Verš 24

Then too, Josiah took away those who divined by spirits, and the soothsayers, and the images of the idols, and the defilements, and the abominations, which had been in the land of Judah and Jerusalem, so that he might establish the words of the law, which were written in the book, which Hilkiah, the priest, found in the temple of the Lord.

Lv 19:31 - Do not turn aside to astrologers, nor consult with soothsayers, so as to be polluted through them. I am the Lord your God.

Lv 20:27 - A man or a woman, in whom there is an oracle-like or a divining spirit, shall be put to death. They shall stone them. So let their blood be upon them.

Dt 18:11 - nor one who uses spells, nor one who consults demonic spirits, nor a diviner, nor one who seeks the truth from the dead.

Iz 8:19 - And though they say to you, “Seek from seers and diviners,” they who hiss in their incantations, should not the people seek from their God, for the sake of the living, and not from the dead?

Verš 27

And so the Lord said: “And now I will remove Judah from my face, just as I removed Israel. And I will cast aside this city, Jerusalem, which I have chosen, and the house, about which I said: My name shall be there.”

2Kr 17:18 - And the Lord became vehemently angry with Israel, and he took them away from his sight. And there remained no one, except the tribe of Judah alone.

2Kr 17:20 - And the Lord cast aside all of the offspring of Israel. And he afflicted them, and he delivered them into the hand of despoilers, until he drove them away from his face,

2Kr 24:3 - Then this occurred, by the word of the Lord against Judah, that he took him away from before himself because of all the sins of Manasseh which he did,

Verš 30

And his servants carried him dead from Megiddo. And they took him to Jerusalem, and they buried him in his own sepulcher. And the people of the land took Jehoahaz, the son of Josiah. And they anointed him, and made him king in place of his father.

2Krn 36:1 - Then the people of the land took Jehoahaz, the son of Josiah, and they appointed him king in place of his father, in Jerusalem.

2Kr 23,3 - Porov. 11,14.

2Kr 23,4 - Druhý kňaz bol zástupca veľkňaza. – O nebeskom vojsku pozri 17,16. – Betel pokladal Joziáš v náboženskom ohľade za smetisko pre úctu zlatého teľaťa, ktorá tam kvitla, preto dal popol z modiel zaniesť na toto i tak znečistené miesto.

2Kr 23,6 - Dotyk mŕtvoly znečisťoval; bola to teda pre modlu najväčšia potupa. Preto sa spomína pohrebište pospolitého, najchudobnejšieho ľudu, lebo iného spoločného pohrebišťa nebolo. Zámožnejší mali na svojom pozemku vlastnú hrobku.

2Kr 23,7 - O "zasvätencoch" pozri 1 Kr 14,24; 15,12; 22,47.

2Kr 23,8 - Tu je reč o kňazoch, ktorí hrešili len tým, že konali bohoslužbu mimo jeruzalemského chrámu. Tých zvolal do Jeruzalema, aby nerobili prekážky pri odstraňovaní svätýň.

2Kr 23,10 - Pozri 16,3.

2Kr 23,11 - Podľa vtedajšieho názoru slnko beží na nebi na koňoch. – Farvar, podľa 1 Krn 26,18 Parbar, bola akási prístavba pri chráme, ba možno, že tam bola osobitná svätyňa slnka. Chrám slnka v Sipare sa tiež volal Barbár.

2Kr 23,13 - "Vrch záhuby" – asi dnešný Džébel Betnel Hawa (1 Kr 11,7). Ale niektorí čítajú miesto "Vrch záhuby" "Horu Olivovú".

2Kr 23,14 - Pomníky, maséby, pozri pozn. k 1 Sam 7,3–4. Porov. tiež pozn. k 6. veršu tejto hlavy.

2Kr 23,15 - Betel bol už na území Asýrskej ríše, no tento zásah si Joziáš mohol dovoliť, lebo Asýrsko už bolo v rozklade.

2Kr 23,16n - Porov. 1 Kr 13,1 n. – Slová v zátvorke sme doplnili zo LXX.

2Kr 23,18 - Slová v zátvorke sú dozaista neskorším dodatkom. V časoch Jeroboama Samária ešte nejestvovala.

2Kr 23,20 - Porov. Dt 17,2 n.

2Kr 23,21 - Porov. Dt 16,5 n.; Ex 12,1 n.; Lv 23,4 n. a 2 Krn 35,1 n. Dt predpisuje, že Izraeliti majú sláviť Veľkú noc všetci na jednom mieste a takto ju už dávno neslávili. Svätila si ju každá rodina doma, a to sa nezrovnávalo s nájdenou Knihou zákona.

2Kr 23,29 - Nechao išiel cez Palestínu k Eufratu v r. 609 pr. Kr. Egypt si už pod Psametichom znovu vydobyl samostatnosť a teraz, keď moc Asýrska bola na sklonku, chce Nechao uplatňovať aj staré nároky Egypta na Sýriu. Ale táto bola v tom čase už z väčšej čiastky v rukách Babyloncov a Médov. Nechao teda išiel asýrskemu kráľovi na pomoc proti Babyloncom a Médom, ako píše Jozef Flávius (Starožitnosti 10, 5,1). Tak treba rozumieť i tomuto veršu Biblie.

2Kr 23,31 - O Lobne pozri 8,22.

2Kr 23,33 - Rebla, dnes Rible, bola pri rieke Orontes (dnes Nahr el Asi), v údolí medzi Libanonom a Antilibanonom, južne od Ematu. – Podľa LXX nie jednu, ale desať hrivien zlata.

2Kr 23,34 - Zmenou kráľovho mena chce Nechao ukázať, že je ten na ňom závislý.