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Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Jak 2, 1-26

1 My brothers, within the glorious faith of our Lord Jesus Christ, do not choose to show favoritism toward persons. 2 For if a man has entered your assembly having a gold ring and splendid apparel, and if a poor man has also entered, in dirty clothing, 3 and if you are then attentive to the one who is clothed in excellent apparel, so that you say to him, “You may sit in this good place,” but you say to the poor man, “You stand over there,” or, “Sit below my footstool,” 4 are you not judging within yourselves, and have you not become judges with unjust thoughts? 5 My most beloved brothers, listen. Has not God chosen the poor in this world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom that God has promised to those who love him? 6 But you have dishonored the poor. Are not the rich the ones who oppress you through power? And are not they the ones who drag you to judgment? 7 Are not they the ones who blaspheme the good name which has been invoked over you? 8 So if you perfect the regal law, according to the Scriptures, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” then you do well. 9 But if you show favoritism to persons, then you commit a sin, having been convicted again by the law as transgressors. 10 Now whoever has observed the whole law, yet who offends in one matter, has become guilty of all. 691 11 For he who said, “You shall not commit adultery,” also said, “You shall not kill.” So if you do not commit adultery, but you kill, you have become a transgressor of the law. 12 So speak and act just as you are beginning to be judged, by the law of liberty. 13 For judgment is without mercy toward him who has not shown mercy. But mercy exalts itself above judgment. 14 My brothers, what benefit is there if someone claims to have faith, but he does not have works? How would faith be able to save him? 15 So if a brother or sister is naked and daily in need of food, 16 and if anyone of you were to say to them: “Go in peace, keep warm and nourished,” and yet not give them the things that are necessary for the body, of what benefit is this? 17 Thus even faith, if it does not have works, is dead, in and of itself. 18 Now someone may say: “You have faith, and I have works.” Show me your faith without works! But I will show you my faith by means of works. 19 You believe that there is one God. You do well. But the demons also believe, and they tremble greatly. 20 So then, are you willing to understand, O foolish man, that faith without works is dead? 21 Was not our father Abraham justified by means of works, by offering his son Isaac upon the altar? 22 Do you see that faith was cooperating with his works, and that by means of works faith was brought to fulfillment? 23 And so the Scripture was fulfilled which says: “Abraham believed God, and it was reputed to him unto justice.” And so he was called the friend of God. 24 Do you see that a man is justified by means of works, and not by faith alone? 25 Similarly also, Rahab, the harlot, was she not justified by works, by receiving the messengers and sending them out through another way? 26 For just as the body without the spirit is dead, so also faith without works is dead.

Jak 2, 1-26





Verš 1
My brothers, within the glorious faith of our Lord Jesus Christ, do not choose to show favoritism toward persons.
Lv 19:15 - You shall not do what is unjust, nor shall you judge unjustly. You shall not consider the reputation of the poor, nor shall you honor the countenance of the powerful. Judge your neighbor justly.
Dt 16:19 - and not so as to show favoritism to either side. You shall not accept a person’s reputation, nor gifts. For gifts blind the eyes of the wise and alter the words of the just.
Prís 24:23 - Likewise, these things are for the wise. It is not good to base judgment on knowledge of character.
Mt 22:16 - And they sent their disciples to him, with the Herodians, saying: “Teacher, we know that you are truthful, and that you teach the way of God in truth, and that the influence of others is nothing to you. For you do not consider the reputation of men.

Verš 5
My most beloved brothers, listen. Has not God chosen the poor in this world to be rich in faith and heirs of the kingdom that God has promised to those who love him?
Jn 7:48 - Have any of the leaders believed in him, or any of the Pharisees?
1Kor 1:26 - So take care of your vocation, brothers. For not many are wise according to the flesh, not many are powerful, not many are noble.
Ex 20:6 - and showing mercy to thousands of those who love me and keep my precepts.
1Sam 2:30 - Because of this, the Lord God of Israel says: I have spoken clearly, so that your house, and the house of your father, may minister in my sight, even forever. But now the Lord says: May this be far from me. Instead, whoever will have glorified me, I will glorify him. But whoever despises me, they will be despised.
Prís 8:17 - I love those who love me. And those who stand watch for me until morning shall discover me.
Mt 5:3 - “Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

Verš 8
So if you perfect the regal law, according to the Scriptures, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself,” then you do well.
Lv 19:18 - Do not seek revenge, neither should you be mindful of the injury of your fellow citizens. You shall love your friend as yourself. I am the Lord.
Mt 22:39 - But the second is similar to it: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’
Mk 12:31 - But the second is similar to it: ‘You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’ There is no other commandment greater than these.”
Rim 13:9 - For example: You shall not commit adultery. You shall not kill. You shall not steal. You shall not speak false testimony. You shall not covet. And if there is any other commandment, it is summed up in this word: You shall love your neighbor as yourself.
Gal 5:14 - For the entire law is fulfilled by one word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”
Ef 5:2 - And walk in love, just as Christ also loved us and delivered himself for us, as an oblation and a sacrifice to God, with a fragrance of sweetness.
1Sol 4:9 - But concerning the charity of brotherhood, we have no need to write to you. For you yourselves have learned from God that you should love one another.

Verš 10
Now whoever has observed the whole law, yet who offends in one matter, has become guilty of all. 691
Dt 27:26 - Cursed be he who does not remain in the words of this law, and does not carry them out in deed. And all the people shall say: Amen.”
Mt 5:19 - Therefore, whoever will have loosened one of the least of these commandments, and have taught men so, shall be called the least in the kingdom of heaven. But whoever will have done and taught these, such a one shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven.
Gal 3:10 - For as many as are of the works of the law are under a curse. For it has been written: “Cursed is everyone who does not continue in all the things that have been written in the book of the Law, so as to do them.”

Verš 11
For he who said, “You shall not commit adultery,” also said, “You shall not kill.” So if you do not commit adultery, but you kill, you have become a transgressor of the law.
Ex 20:14 - You shall not commit adultery.
Mt 5:27 - You have heard that it was said to the ancients: ‘You shall not commit adultery.’

Verš 13
For judgment is without mercy toward him who has not shown mercy. But mercy exalts itself above judgment.
Mt 6:15 - But if you will not forgive men, neither will your Father forgive you your sins.
Mt 18:35 - So, too, shall my heavenly Father do to you, if each one of you will not forgive his brother from your hearts.”
Mk 11:25 - And when you stand to pray, if you hold anything against anyone, forgive them, so that your Father, who is in heaven, may also forgive you your sins.
Lk 16:25 - And Abraham said to him: ‘Son, recall that you received good things in your life, and in comparison, Lazarus received bad things. But now he is consoled, and truly you are tormented.

Verš 14
My brothers, what benefit is there if someone claims to have faith, but he does not have works? How would faith be able to save him?
Mt 7:26 - And everyone who hears these words of mine and does not do them shall be like a foolish man, who built his house upon the sand.
Jak 1:23 - For if anyone is a listener of the Word, but not also a doer, he is comparable to a man gazing into a mirror upon the face that he was born with;

Verš 15
So if a brother or sister is naked and daily in need of food,
Lk 3:11 - But in response, he said to them: “Whoever has two coats, let him give to those who do not have. And whoever has food, let him act similarly.”
1Jn 3:17 - Whoever possesses the goods of this world, and sees his brother to be in need, and yet closes his heart to him: in what way does the love of God abide in him?

Verš 19
You believe that there is one God. You do well. But the demons also believe, and they tremble greatly.
Mk 1:24 - saying: “What are we to you, Jesus of Nazareth? Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are: the Holy One of God.”

Verš 21
Was not our father Abraham justified by means of works, by offering his son Isaac upon the altar?
Gn 22:10 - And he reached out his hand and took hold of the sword, in order to sacrifice his son.

Verš 23
And so the Scripture was fulfilled which says: “Abraham believed God, and it was reputed to him unto justice.” And so he was called the friend of God.
Gn 15:6 - Abram believed God, and it was reputed to him unto justice.
Rim 4:3 - For what does Scripture say? “Abram believed God, and it was reputed to him unto justice.”
Gal 3:6 - It is just as it was written: “Abraham believed God, and it was reputed to him unto justice.”

Verš 25
Similarly also, Rahab, the harlot, was she not justified by works, by receiving the messengers and sending them out through another way?
Joz 2:1 - And so Joshua, the son of Nun, sent two men from Shittim to explore in secret. And he said to them, “Go and consider the land and the city of Jericho.” And while traveling, they entered into the house of a harlot woman named Rahab, and they rested with her.
Joz 6:23 - And the youths entered, and they led out Rahab, and her parents, also her brothers, and all her goods and kindred, and they caused them to dwell outside the camp.
Heb 11:31 - By faith, Rahab, the harlot, did not perish with the unbelievers, after receiving the spies with peace.

Jak 2,5 - Porov. 1 Kor 1, 26–38. Boh si práve chudobných a biednych vyvolil za priekopníkov evanjelia. Aj do Cirkvi vstupovali skôr chudobní ako bohatí.

Jak 2,7 - "Vzývať meno." V Starom zákone vzývať Božie meno nad niekým znamenalo vzývať osobitnú Božiu ochranu nad ním. Zároveň takýto človek sa stával vlastníctvom a bol v službe toho, koho meno sa nad ním vzývalo. V Novom zákone vzývaním Ježišovho mena sa človek stáva jeho vlastníctvom a stavia sa do služby Krista, dostáva po ňom aj meno – kresťan (gr. christianós). Jakub tu myslí na obrady krstu.

Jak 2,8 - Lv 19, 18; porov. Mt 22, 39.

Jak 2,10 - "Previnil by sa proti všetkým," pretože všetky prikázania sú výrazom jednej a tej istej Božej vôle, navzájom súvisia a tvoria jeden celok.

Jak 2,11 - Ex 20, 13–14; Dt 5, 17–18.

Jak 2,13 - Proti tomu, kto je nemilosrdný voči bratom, bude aj Boh prísny a spravodlivý. Taký sa nebude môcť spoliehať na Božie milosrdenstvo, ktoré je pre hriešnikov vlastne jedinou nádejou v deň súdu. Vidno tu narážku na jedno z ôsmich blahoslavenstiev.

Jak 2,14-17 - Opravdivá viera sa nevyhnutne prejavuje a uskutočňuje aj vonkajšími skutkami lásky a milosrdenstva, ináč by bola mŕtva. Táto myšlienka sa nijako neprotiví náuke svätého Pavla o ospravedlnení z viery (Rim 3, 21 – 4, 25; Gal 3 a inde). Pavol totiž tvrdí, že nie skutky podľa Mojžišovho zákona nás ospravedlňujú, ale viera a Božia milosť. Tu ide teda o základné ospravedlnenie, ktoré je len začiatkom svätosti a spásy. No na dosiahnutie spásy sú potrebné skutky a zásluhy. Pavol nikde nepíše, že dobré skutky nie sú potrebné. Sama kresťanská viera nie je iba rozumovým postojom, ale znamená prijať Kristovo evanjelium ako program vlastného života a plniť ho (porov. 2 Sol 3, 10–12).

Jak 2,21 - Gn 22, 9; porov. Hebr 11, 17.

Jak 2,23 - Gn 15, 6; porov. Rim 4, 3; Gal 3, 6.

Jak 2,25 - Porov. Joz 2, 1–26; Hebr 11, 31.