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Kniha Jozue

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Joz 5, 1-16

1 Therefore, after all the kings of the Amorites, who were living across the Jordan toward the western region, and all the kings of Canaan, who possessed the places beside the great sea, had heard that the Lord had dried up the waters of the Jordan before the sons of Israel, until they crossed over it, their heart was broken, and there remained in them no spirit, out of fear at the entrance of the sons of Israel. 2 So at that time, the Lord said to Joshua: “Make for yourself knives of stone, and circumcise the sons of Israel a second time.” 3 He did what the Lord had commanded, and he circumcised the sons of Israel at the hill of the foreskins. 4 Now this is the reason for the second circumcision: All the people who departed from Egypt of the male gender, all the men fit for war, died in 118 the desert during the very long wandering way; 5 all these had been circumcised. But the people who were born in the desert, 6 throughout the forty years of the journey in the very broad wilderness, were uncircumcised, until the ones who had not listened to the voice of the Lord were consumed. For he had sworn to them before, that he would not reveal to them the land flowing with milk and honey. 7 The sons of these ones succeeded to the place of their fathers, and they were circumcised by Joshua. For they were uncircumcised, just as they had been born, and no one had circumcised them along the way. 8 Then, after they were all circumcised, they remained in the same place of the camp until they were healed. 9 And the Lord said to Joshua, “Today I have taken away from you the disgrace of Egypt.” And the name of that place was called Gilgal, even to the present day. 10 And the sons of Israel stayed at Gilgal, and they kept the Passover, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, in the plains of Jericho. 11 And on the following day, they ate unleavened bread from the grain of the land, and cooked grain, of the same year. 12 And the manna ceased after they ate from the grain of the land. And the sons of Israel no longer made use of that food. Instead, they ate from the grain of the present year, from the land of Canaan. 13 And when Joshua was in the field of the city of Jericho, he lifted up his eyes, and he saw a man standing opposite him, holding a drawn sword. And he went to him and said, “Are you one of ours, or one of our adversaries?” 14 And he responded: “Not at all. Instead, I am a prince of the host of the Lord, and now I have arrived.” 15 Joshua fell prone on the ground. And reverencing, he said, “What does my lord say to his servant?” 16 He said: “Remove your shoes from your feet. For the place on which you stand is holy.” And Joshua did just as he had been commanded.

Joz 5, 1-16





Verš 2
So at that time, the Lord said to Joshua: “Make for yourself knives of stone, and circumcise the sons of Israel a second time.”
Ex 4:25 - For this reason, Zipporah took a very sharp stone, and she circumcised the foreskin of her son, and she touched his feet, and she said, “You are a bloody spouse to me.”

Verš 11
And on the following day, they ate unleavened bread from the grain of the land, and cooked grain, of the same year.
Ex 12:39 - And they baked the bread, which a little while ago they had taken out of Egypt as dough. And they made unleavened bread baked under ashes. For it was not able to be leavened, with the Egyptians compelling them to leave and not permitting them to cause any delay. Neither did they have occasion to prepare any meat.
Lv 2:14 - But if you will offer a gift of the first-fruits of your grain to the Lord, from ears of grain still green, you shall parch it at the fire, and break it open in the manner of meal. And so shall you offer your first-fruits to the Lord:

Verš 10
And the sons of Israel stayed at Gilgal, and they kept the Passover, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, in the plains of Jericho.
Ex 12:6 - And you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of this month. And the entire multitude of the sons of Israel shall immolate it toward evening.

Verš 6
throughout the forty years of the journey in the very broad wilderness, were uncircumcised, until the ones who had not listened to the voice of the Lord were consumed. For he had sworn to them before, that he would not reveal to them the land flowing with milk and honey.
Nm 14:23 - these shall not see the land, about which I swore to their fathers, neither shall any of those who detracted me gaze upon it.

Verš 13
And when Joshua was in the field of the city of Jericho, he lifted up his eyes, and he saw a man standing opposite him, holding a drawn sword. And he went to him and said, “Are you one of ours, or one of our adversaries?”
Ex 23:23 - And my Angel will go before you, and he will bring you to the Amorite, and the Hittite, and the Perizzite, and the Canaanite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite, whom I will crush.

Joz 5,1 - Pôvodné obyvateľstvo Palestíny je tu zadelené do dvoch skupín: 1. Emorejčania (Amorejčania), obývali prevažne horské kraje, a 2. Kanaánčania, ktorí boli usadení na nížinách a pri Mori, t. j. Stredozemnom, či Veľkom mori (Vg).

Joz 5,2 - Jozue z rozkazu Božieho znovu uvádza do života obriezku, ako vonkajšie znamenie zmluvy medzi Bohom a jeho ľudom.

Joz 5,3 - O užívaní kamenných nožov pri obriezke pozri Ex 4,25. Hoci v bežnom živote sa užívalo neskoršie kovových nožov, predsa pri tomto náboženskom úkone sa dlho držali nože kamenné. – Pahorok Aralot (= Predkožiek) je ten istý, ktorý vo v. 9 sa nazýva Galgala (Gilgál).

Joz 5,6 - "Krajina, ktorá oplýva mliekom a medom" – častý výraz v Písme sv. , ktorým chce len vyzdvihnúť pomerne väčšiu úrodnosť Palestíny v porovnaní s ostatnými krajinami. (Mlieko-bohaté pastviny pre stáda a dobytok; úrodné vinice so sladkým hroznom, z ktorého sa robí hroznový med debaš – arab. dibs.) Porov. tiež Ex 3,8.17; 13,5; 33,3; Lv 20,24; Nm 13,28a; 14,8; 16,13 n.; Dt 6,3; 11,9; 26,9.15; 27,3; 31,20; Jer 11,5; 32,22; Ez 20,6.15.

Joz 5,8 - Najväčšie bolesti po obriezkovej rane, spojené s horúčkou, dostavovali sa obyčajne na tretí deň (Gn 34,25). Po tejto hromadnej obriezke mohli Izraeliti celkom spokojne vyčkať vyhojenie v tábore, nebolo totiž odôvodnenej obavy, že by ich náhle prepadlo ustrašené domorodé obyvateľstvo (2,11.24; 5,1).

Joz 5,9 - Egyptská potupa – pod týmto termínom možno rozumieť egyptské otroctvo, z ktorého boli Izraeliti teraz definitívne vyslobodení, nakoľko už vkročili do zasľúbenej zeme a skrze právoplatnú obriezku sa stali zas vlastníctvom Božím. Táto myšlienka sa skrýva aj v pomenovaní miesta obriezky Galgala (hebr. Gilgál súvisí so slovesom galal ,váľať') – akoby ,odvalenie', t. j. egyptskej potupy.

Joz 5,10 - Podľa Ex 12,6 má sa sláviť Pascha (Veľká noc) dňa 14. nisana. Cez Jordán prešli do Galgaly 10. nisana a 14. nisana slávili Paschu.

Joz 5,16 - "Vodca Pánovho vojska" – Boží anjel, ktorý povzbudzoval Mojžiša z horiaceho kríka, teraz predstupuje pred Jozueho ako bojovník, aby ho po- vzbudil a dodal mu odvahy do nastávajúcich bojov.