  | 1. kniha SamuelovaBiblia - Sväté písmo(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD) | 1Sam 21, 1-15 |
1 1Sam 21, 1 Then David went into Nob, to the priest Ahimelech. And Ahimelech was astonished that David had arrived. And he said to him, “Why are you alone, and no one is with you?” 2 1Sam 21, 2 And David said to the priest Ahimelech: “The king has instructed to me a word, and he said: ‘Let no one know the matter about which you have been sent by me, and what type of instructions I have given to you. For I have also summoned servants to one and another place.’ 3 1Sam 21, 3 Now therefore, if you have anything at hand, even five loaves of bread, or whatever you may find, give it to me.” 4 1Sam 21, 4 And the priest, responding to David, said to him: “I have no common bread at hand, but only holy bread. Are the young men clean, especially from women?” 5 1Sam 21, 5 And David responded to the priest, and said to him: “Indeed, as concerns being with women, we have abstained since yesterday and the day before, when we departed, and so the vessels of the young men have been holy. And although, this journey has been defiled, it will also be sanctified today as concerns the vessels.” 6 1Sam 21, 6 Therefore, the priest gave to him sanctified bread. For there was no bread there, but only the bread of the Presence, which had been taken away from before the face of the Lord, so that fresh loaves might be set up. 7 1Sam 21, 7 Now a certain man among the servants of Saul was there on that day, inside the tabernacle of the Lord. And his name was Doeg, an Edomite, the most powerful among the shepherds of Saul. 8 1Sam 21, 8 Then David said to Ahimelech: “Do you have, here at hand, a spear or a sword? For I did not take my own sword, or my own weapons with me. For the word of the king was urgent.” 9 1Sam 21, 9 And the priest said: “Behold, here is the sword of Goliath, the Philistine, whom you struck down in the Valley of Terebinth. It is wrapped up in a cloak behind the ephod. If you wish to take this, take it. For there is nothing else here except this.” And David said, “There is nothing else like this, so give it to me.” 10 1Sam 21, 10 And so, David rose up, and he fled on that day from the face of Saul. And he went to Achish, the king of Gath. 11 1Sam 21, 11 And the servants of Achish, when they had seen David, said to him: “Is this not David, the king of the land? Were they not singing about him, while dancing, saying, ‘Saul has struck down a thousand, and David ten thousand?’ ” 12 1Sam 21, 12 Then David took these words to his heart, and he became exceedingly afraid before the face of Achish, the king of Gath. 13 1Sam 21, 13 And he altered his mouth before them, and he slipped down between their hands. And he stumbled against the doors of the gate. And his spit flowed down his beard. 14 1Sam 21, 14 And Achish said to his servants: “You saw that the man is insane. Why did you bring him to me? 15 1Sam 21, 15 Or do we have need of those who are mad, so that you would bring in this one, to behave madly in my presence? How did this man get into my house?”
| | | 1Sam 21, 1-15 |
Verš 11
And the servants of Achish, when they had seen David, said to him: “Is this not David, the king of the land? Were they not singing about him, while dancing, saying, ‘Saul has struck down a thousand, and David ten thousand?’ ”
1Sam 18:7 - And the women sang, as they played, saying, “Saul has struck down a thousand, and David ten thousand.”
Verš 6
Therefore, the priest gave to him sanctified bread. For there was no bread there, but only the bread of the Presence, which had been taken away from before the face of the Lord, so that fresh loaves might be set up.
Mt 12:3 - But he said to them: “Have you not read what David did, when he was hungry, and those who were with him:
Mk 2:25 - And he said to them: “Have you never read what David did, when he had need and was hungry, both he and those who were with him?
Lk 6:3 - And responding to them, Jesus said: “Have you not read this, what David did when he was hungry, and those who were with him?
1Sam 21,2 - Nob bol severne od Jeruzalema (Iz 10,32). Ale boli aj iné mestá tohto alebo podobného mena. Nevieme s istotou, o ktorom z nich je tu reč. Po zborení Šíla sem priniesli svätostánok. Achimelech je asi ten kňaz, ktorý sa v 14,3 volá Achiáš. Kňaz sa diví, že kráľov zať a vojvodca prichádza tak nečakane a bez sprievodu.
1Sam 21,3 - Dávidovu lož, ktorú použil z núdze, Sväté písmo len naznačuje, ale neschvaľuje.
1Sam 21,5 - Sväté chleby boli predkladné chleby zo svätostánku. Porov. Lv 24,8; 7,12–14; 8,26. Kňazi ich zamenili každú sobotu a smeli ich jesť len oni. Achimelech dáva Dávidovi a jeho sluhom úľavu (porov. Mt 12,3; Mk 2,25; Lk 6,3), aby v núdzi mohli tieto chleby jesť. Ale rituálna čistota, ktorú porušil aj manželský styk, je nevyhnutnou podmienkou, preto sa Achimelech spytuje, či sa zdržiavali od žien.
1Sam 21,6 - Obrannú vojnu pokladali za vec svedomia. Preto museli ísť do boja čistí a museli sa zdržovať manželského styku. Hoci podujatie, ktoré Dávid predstiera, nie je podujatie vojenské, jednako sú telá (doslovne: nádoby) Dávidových sprievodcov čisté.
1Sam 21,7 - Chlieb, ktorý Achimelech dáva Dávidovi, bol už odnesený zo svätostánku. Tam boli už chleby čerstvé (doslovne: teplé).
1Sam 21,8 - Doeg bol pôvodom pohan, Edomčan, ale prijal náboženstvo Izraelitov, ináč by nebol mal prístup ku svätostánku.
1Sam 21,10 - Veľkňazské rúcho efód bolo uložené kdesi pri svätostánku a za ním bol schovaný aj Goliášov meč. Bolo zvykom, že víťazi ukladali ukoristené zbrane pri svätyniach.
1Sam 21,12 - Slová: "Kráľ krajiny" sú asi neskorší dodatok, lebo Dávid vtedy ešte nebol v skutočnosti kráľom. Že ho Samuel pomazal za kráľa, o tom Filištínci nemohli vedieť.
1Sam 21,14 - Dávid počítal s poverčivou domnienkou pohanov, že sú choromyseľní posadnutí nejakým božstvom, a preto sú svätí a nedotknuteľní.
