  | Kniha RútBiblia - Sväté písmo(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD) | Rút 2, 1-23 |
1 Rút 2, 1 But there was a man related to Elimelech, a powerful man, and very wealthy, named Boaz. 3 Rút 2, 3 And Ruth, the Moabite, said to her mother-in-law, “If you order, I will go into the field and gather the ears of grain which escape the reaping hand, wherever I will find favor with the father of a family, who will be compassionate to me.” She answered her, “Go, my daughter.” 3 Rút 2, 3 And so she went and gathered the ears of grain after the completion of the reaping. But it happened that this field was owned by Boaz, who was of the kindred of Elimelech. 4 Rút 2, 4 And behold, he came out of Bethlehem and said to the reapers, “The Lord be with you.” They answered him, “May the Lord bless you.” 5 Rút 2, 5 And Boaz said to the young man who was in charge of the reapers, “Whose young woman is this?” 6 Rút 2, 6 He answered him, “This is the Moabite woman, who came with Naomi, from the land of the Moabites, 7 Rút 2, 7 and she asked to gather the remnants of the ears of grain, following the steps of the reapers, and from morning until now she has remained in the field, and, indeed, not for one moment has she returned home.” 8 Rút 2, 8 And Boaz said to Ruth, “Listen to me, daughter. Do not go to gather in any other field, nor depart from this place, but join with my young women, 9 Rút 2, 9 and follow where they reap. For I given orders to my young men, so that no one is to harass you. And so, whenever you are thirsty, go to the vessels, and drink from the waters that the young men also drink.” 10 Rút 2, 10 She, falling on her face and paying homage on the ground, said to him: “How did this happen to me, that I should find favor before your eyes, and that you would condescend to accept me, a foreign woman?” 11 Rút 2, 11 He answered her, “Everything has been reported to me, what things you have done for your mother-in-law after the death of your husband, and how you left your parents, and the land in which you were born, and came to a people you did not know before. 12 Rút 2, 12 May the Lord repay you for your work, and may you receive a full reward from the Lord, the God of Israel, to whom you have come, and under whose wings you have taken refuge.” 13 Rút 2, 13 She said, “I have found favor before your eyes, my lord, who has consoled me, and you have spoken to the heart of your handmaid, who is unlike one of your young women.” 14 Rút 2, 14 And Boaz said to her, “When mealtime begins, come here, and eat bread, and dip your morsel in the vinegar.” And so she sat beside the reapers, and she piled up parched grain for herself, and she ate and was satisfied, and carried off the leftovers. 15 Rút 2, 15 And then she arose from there, so as to gather the ears of grain, according to the custom. But Boaz commanded his servants, saying, “If she is even willing to reap with you, do not prevent her, 16 Rút 2, 16 and purposely let fall some from your bundles, and allow them to remain, so that she may gather without blushing, and let no one rebuke her gathering.” 17 Rút 2, 17 And so she gathered in the field until evening. And striking and threshing with a staff what she had gathered, she found about the measure of an ephah of barley, that is, three measures. 18 Rút 2, 18 Carrying this, she returned into the city and showed it to her mother-in-law. Moreover, she offered it to her and even gave her the leftovers of her food, with which she had been satisfied. 19 Rút 2, 19 And her mother-in-law said to her, “Where have you gathered today, and where have you found work? Blessed is he who took pity on you!” And she informed her with whom she had been working, and she said the man’s name, that he was called Boaz. 20 Rút 2, 20 Naomi answered her, “May he be blessed by the Lord, because the same kindness which he provided for the living, he also kept for the dead.” And again she said: “This man is our near relative.” 21 Rút 2, 21 And Ruth said, “He charged me with this also, that from now on I should join with his reapers until all the crop has been reaped.” 22 Rút 2, 22 And her mother-in-law said to her, “It is better, my daughter, to go out reaping with his young women, lest in a stranger’s field someone may confront you.” 23 Rút 2, 23 And so, she joined with the young women of Boaz, and from then on reaped with them, until the barley and the wheat were stored in the barns.
| | | Rút 2, 1-23 |
Verš 1
But there was a man related to Elimelech, a powerful man, and very wealthy, named Boaz.
Mt 1:5 - And Salmon conceived Boaz by Rahab. And Boaz conceived Obed by Ruth. And Obed conceived Jesse.
Rut 2,2 - Podľa zákona Mojžišovho chudobní mali právo zbierať na poliach zanechané klasy (Lv 19,9; 23,22; Dt 24,19). I pritom prosí skromná Rút žencov, teda aj samého majiteľa pozemku o dovolenie, aby smela na jeho roli zbierať klasy (porov. v. 7).
Rut 2,5 - "Deva" je mladá žena. Bóz mohol sa už dopočuť o tom, že sa Noemi vrátila domov z Moabska spolu s nevestou, ale osobne ju ešte nevidel. Bóz znamená ,Silný, Mužný.' Keď túto mladú ženu oslovuje ako "dcéru", z toho vyvodzujú, že bol vekom asi hodne starší.Manželstvá medzi osobami vekom značne rozdielnymi nie sú na Východe zriedkavosťou.
Rut 2,5 - "Oživiť meno zomrelého pre jeho dedičstvo" znamená splodiť zomrelému syna, ktorý sa časom ujme dedičstva po zosnulom, a tak sa bude označovať ako syn zosnulého manžela.
Rut 2,7 - Stiahnuť si obuv z nohy znamená vzdať sa svojho práva (porov. pozn. k Dt 25,5–10 a Jn 1,24–34).
Rut 2,9 - Rút úctivo prosí Bóza, aby si ju vzal za manželku. Prísne právo na to Rút nemala. Preto ho prosí, aby sa nad ňou zľutoval.
Rut 2,10 - Láska, akú Rút preukazovala svojej svokre, pozostávala v tom, že a) opustila svoju vlasť a tým aj svojho boha; že b) išla za svojou svokrou, aby sa o ňu postarala ako jej dcéra. Jej pracovitosť bola nadmierna, takže až horlivo si počínala v práci, aby zaistila živobytie nielen sebe, ale aj svojej svokre. Jej láska k rodu Noeminmu privádza ju aj k tomu kroku, aby sa stala manželkou muža vekom pokročilejšieho a aby tak splnila túžbu svojej svokry po vytúženom vnúčati, ktoré má udržať rod a ďalej ho rozvíjať. Túžba po potomstve nemala len prirodzené pohnútky, ale sa živila aj z túžby po zasľúbenom Spasiteľovi, ktorý sa mal narodiť v niektorom rode Izraelovom. Kde rod zahynul, tam vymrela i nádej na toto veľké vyznačenie, aké mohla izraelská rodina zažiť.
Rut 2,14 - Ocot je tu asi rozriedené víno alebo aj vodou riedený vínny ocot, do ktorého si omáčali tvrdý chlieb. Azda z novej úrody jačmeňa alebo najskoršie zo pšenice jedli aj opaľované pražené zrno. Porov. Lv 2,14; 1 Sam 17,17 a 2 Sam 17,28.
Rut 2,17 - Efa jačmeňa obsahovala asi 36,4 litrov obilia. Toto množstvo ukazuje na usilovnosť mladej ženy, ktorá pri horúčave a úpale slnka vedela za deň nazbierať toľké množstvo obilia.
Rut 2,18 - Rodokmeň od Fáresa po Dávida môže mať svoj cieľ, podať dôkaz o tom, že aj hriešni pohania majú nárok dostať účasť v mesiášskom blahu a jeho spáse. Rodostrom vedie sv. spisovateľ až po Dávida, ktorý pre svoju zbožnosť stal sa hodným vzácneho prisľúbenia mesiášskeho. Dávid je praotcom Mesiášovým v takej miere, že budúceho Mesiáša označovali názvom "Syn Dávidov".
Rut 2,20 - Podľa hebr. osnovy Noemi oznamuje neveste, že Bóz je nielen ich "príbuzný", ale aj ich "goel" (obranca, pomstiteľ), ktorý je povinný ujať sa opustenej vdovy, ak by jej niekto krivdil. K týmto povinnostiam by patrilo asi aj to, aby si bezdetnú vdovu vzal za manželku, a tak má "vzbudiť" potomka jej zosnulému manželovi. Jeho prirodzený syn podľa zákona bol súčasne aj synom zosnulého, ale zosnulému bol synom podľa zákona (legálny syn a nie naturálny). Tak sa mohlo stať, že jeden a ten istý muž mohol mať dvoch otcov: jedného podľa zákona Mojžišovho (legálneho) a druhého zasa prirodzeného. Tým si vysvetľujeme, že v Novom zákone aj pri sv. Jozefovi sa uvádzajú dvojaké rodostromy: Mt 1,16 (otec Jozefov je Jakub) a Lk 3,23, kde sa uvádza otec Jozefov pod menom Héli.
