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Kniha Genezis

Biblia - Sväté písmo

(CPDV - Anglický - Catholic PD)

Gn 17, 1-27

1 In truth, after he began to be ninety-nine years of age, the Lord appeared to him. And he said to him: “I am the Almighty God. Walk in my sight and become complete. 2 And I will set my covenant between me and you. And I will multiply you very exceedingly.” 3 Abram fell prone on his face. 4 And God said to him: “I AM, and my covenant is with you, and you will be the father of many nations. 5 No longer will your name be called Abram. But you will be called Abraham, for I have established you as the father of many nations. 6 And I will cause you to increase very greatly, and I will set you among the nations, and kings will come forth from you. 7 And I will establish my covenant between me and you, and with your offspring after you in their generations, by a perpetual covenant: to be God to you and to your offspring after you. 8 And I will give to you and to your offspring, the land of your sojourn, all the land of Canaan, as an eternal possession, and I will be their God.” 9 Again God said to Abraham: “And you therefore shall keep my covenant, and your offspring after you in their generations. 10 This is my covenant, which you shall observe, between me and you, and your offspring after you: All the males among you shall be circumcised. 11 And you shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin, so that it may be a sign of the covenant between me and you. 12 An infant of eight days will be circumcised among you, every male in your generations. So also servants born to you, as well as those bought, shall be circumcised, even those who are not of your stock. 13 And my covenant shall be with your flesh as an eternal covenant. 14 The male, the flesh of whose foreskin will not be circumcised, that soul shall be eliminated from his people. For he has made my covenant void.” 15 God said also to Abraham: “Your wife Sarai, you shall not call Sarai, but Sarah. 16 And I will bless her, and from her I will give you a son, whom I will bless, and he will be among the nations, and the kings of the peoples will rise from him.” 17 Abraham fell on his face, and he laughed, saying in his heart: “Do you think a son can be born to a one hundred year old man? And will Sarah give birth at the age of ninety?” 18 And he said to God, “If only Ishmael would live in your sight.” 19 And God said to Abraham: “Your wife Sarah shall give birth to a son, and you shall call his name Isaac, and I will establish my covenant with him as a perpetual covenant, and with his offspring after him. 20 Likewise, concerning Ishmael, I have heard you. Behold, I will bless and enlarge him, and I will multiply him greatly. He will produce twelve leaders, and I will make him into a great nation. 21 Yet in truth, I will establish my covenant with Isaac, to whom Sarah will give birth for you at this time next year.” 22 And when he had finished speaking with him, God ascended from Abraham. 23 Then Abraham took his son Ishmael, and all who were born in his house, and all whom he had bought, every male among the men of his house, and he circumcised the flesh of their foreskin promptly, the very same day, just as God had instructed him. 24 Abraham was ninety-nine years old when he circumcised the flesh of his foreskin. 25 And his son Ishmael had completed thirteen years at the time of his circumcision. 26 On the very same day, Abraham was circumcised with his son Ishmael. 27 And all the men of his house, those born in his house, as well as those who were bought, even the foreigners, were circumcised with him.

Gn 17, 1-27





Verš 1
In truth, after he began to be ninety-nine years of age, the Lord appeared to him. And he said to him: “I am the Almighty God. Walk in my sight and become complete.
Gn 5:22 - And Enoch walked with God. And after he conceived Methuselah, he lived for three hundred years, and he conceived sons and daughters.

Verš 2
And I will set my covenant between me and you. And I will multiply you very exceedingly.”
Gn 15:18 - On that day, God formed a covenant with Abram, saying: “To your offspring I will give this land, from the river of Egypt, even to the great river Euphrates:
Ex 2:24 - And he heard their groaning, and he also remembered the covenant which he formed with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
Ex 6:5 - I have heard the groaning of the sons of Israel, with which the Egyptians have oppressed them. And I have remembered my covenant.
Lv 26:42 - And I will remember my covenant, which I formed with Jacob, and Isaac, and Abraham. I will also remember the land,
Gn 12:2 - And I will make of you a great nation, and I will bless you and magnify your name, and you will be blessed.
Gn 13:16 - And I will make your 8 offspring like the dust of the earth. If any man is able to number the dust of the earth, he will be able to number your offspring as well.
Gn 15:5 - And he brought him outside, and he said to him, “Take in the heavens, and number the stars, if you can.” And he said to him, “So also will your offspring be.”

Verš 4
And God said to him: “I AM, and my covenant is with you, and you will be the father of many nations.
Rim 4:17 - in whom he believed, who revives the dead and who calls those things that do not exist into existence. For it is written: “I have established you as the father of many nations.”

Verš 6
And I will cause you to increase very greatly, and I will set you among the nations, and kings will come forth from you.
Mt 1:6 - And Jesse conceived king David. And king David conceived Solomon, by her who had been the wife of Uriah.

Verš 7
And I will establish my covenant between me and you, and with your offspring after you in their generations, by a perpetual covenant: to be God to you and to your offspring after you.
Gn 13:15 - All the land that you see, I will give to you, and to your offspring even forever.

Verš 8
And I will give to you and to your offspring, the land of your sojourn, all the land of Canaan, as an eternal possession, and I will be their God.”
Gn 15:18 - On that day, God formed a covenant with Abram, saying: “To your offspring I will give this land, from the river of Egypt, even to the great river Euphrates:
Dt 1:8 - ‘Lo,’ he said, ‘I have delivered it to you. Enter and possess that which the Lord swore to your fathers, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, that he would give it to them, and to their offspring after them.’

Verš 11
And you shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin, so that it may be a sign of the covenant between me and you.
Sk 7:8 - And he gave him the covenant of circumcision. And so he conceived Isaac and circumcised him on the eighth day. And Isaac conceived Jacob, and Jacob, the twelve Patriarchs.
Rim 4:11 - For he received the sign of circumcision as a symbol of the justice of that faith which exists apart from circumcision, so that he might be the father of all those who believe while uncircumcised, so that it might also be reputed to them unto justice,

Verš 12
An infant of eight days will be circumcised among you, every male in your generations. So also servants born to you, as well as those bought, shall be circumcised, even those who are not of your stock.
Lv 12:3 - And on the eighth day, the little infant shall be circumcised.
Lk 2:21 - And after eight days were ended, so that the boy would be circumcised, his name was called JESUS, just as he was called by the Angel before he was conceived in the womb.

Verš 19
And God said to Abraham: “Your wife Sarah shall give birth to a son, and you shall call his name Isaac, and I will establish my covenant with him as a perpetual covenant, and with his offspring after him.
Gn 18:10 - And he said to him, “When returning, I will come to you at this time, with life as a companion, and your wife Sarah will have a son.” Hearing this, Sarah laughed behind the door of the tent.
Gn 21:2 - And she conceived and gave birth to a son in her old age, at the time that God had foretold to her.

Verš 20
Likewise, concerning Ishmael, I have heard you. Behold, I will bless and enlarge him, and I will multiply him greatly. He will produce twelve leaders, and I will make him into a great nation.
Gn 16:10 - And again he said, “I will multiply your offspring continuously, and they will not be numbered because of their multitude.”
Gn 25:12 - These are the generations of Ishmael, the son of Abraham, whom Hagar the Egyptian, Sarah’s servant, bore to him.
Gn 25:16 - These are the sons of Ishmael. And these are their names throughout their fortresses and towns: the twelve princes of their tribes.

Verš 21
Yet in truth, I will establish my covenant with Isaac, to whom Sarah will give birth for you at this time next year.”
Gn 21:2 - And she conceived and gave birth to a son in her old age, at the time that God had foretold to her.

Gn 17,1-8 - Všemohúci Boh, hebr. ,El-Šaddaj', označuje Boha, ktorý sám sebe stačí a ktorý môže všetko (Ex 6,2). Boh pripomína svoju zmluvu, ale už aj od Abrama žiada okrem dokonalého života a vernosti – chodievaj predo mnou – obriezku, ktorá bude vonkajším znakom zmluvy. Obriezka sama nie je zmluvou, ale len znakom. – Boh mení Abramovo meno na Abrahám – otec množstva. Aj táto zmena je znakom, že Boh svoje prisľúbenie o Abrahámovom potomstve splní.

Gn 17,9-14 - Obriezka jestvovala už pred Abrahámom. Teraz dostáva iný zmysel (Ex 4,25; Joz 5,2), náboženský charakter. V Izraeli od čias Abrahámových bola vonkajším znakom zmluvy medzi Bohom a Izraelitmi, mala pripomínať povinnosti a záväzky, ktoré mali Izraeliti voči Bohu a bola upamätovaním na vyvolenie Božie: z potomstva Abrahámovho narodí sa Mesiáš. Len tí budú účastní na požehnaní Božom, čo budú mať obriezku, len tí budú vlastníkmi zasľúbenej zeme, čo budú nosiť toto viditeľné znamenie – ostatní budú vytvorení, vyobcovaní spomedzi Božieho ľudu. Obriezka sama v sebe bola len znamením, teda nespôsobovala sama zo seba ospravedlnenie, no povzbudzovala človeka na vzbudenie viery, nádeje a lásky k Bohu, oživovala nádej v budúceho Mesiáša. Takto obriezka bola predobrazom sviatosti krstu (Kol 2,11). Obriezkou sa stával starozákonný človek členom Božieho ľudu a krstom sa stávame členmi kráľovstva Kristovho, sv. Cirkvi. Boh pozdvihuje známy obrad na nové označenie, ako to bolo pri zmluve s Noemom: dúhu dal na znamenie, že viac nebude potopy, tak tu obriezku (poznali ju Edomčania, Amončania, Moabčania, Arabi, ba aj Egypťania) nariaďuje nosiť ako znamenie svojej zmluvy s Abrahámom a jeho potomstvom, a takto sa aj obriezka stáva jednou z podmienok zmluvy. Obriezku vykonával obyčajne otec rodiny, neskoršie osobitný skúsený muž, ktorého volali mohel. Robili ju ostrým kamenným nožom.

Gn 17,15 - Boh mení aj meno Saraiino. Doteraz sa volala Sarai (t. j. Pani moja, Kráľovná moja), nabudúce jej meno bude len Sára, t. j. Pani, Kráľovná, lebo bude matkou vyvoleného národa a matkou mnohých kniežat a kráľov (6.16). Táto zmena je teda obdobná so zmenou mena Abrahámovho. Mená budú označovať splnenie Božieho prísľubu.

Gn 17,16-22 - Boh udáva dôvod, prečo zmenil meno Saraiino, a spolu zvestuje Abrahámovi, že prisľúbený dedič bude syn, ktorého mu porodí Sára (15, 4). Abrahámov smiech je alúziou na Izákovo meno. Bola to teda veľká skúška Abrahámovej viery. Požehnania nebudú patriť Izmaelovi, ale Izákovi, ktorý bude dedičom Božích prísľubov.